Fireproof floor construction.



*Patented July 22, |902.

INvENToR ,7K/7g BY Y Q; ATTORNEY llllllLn/w G. R. KING.

FIREPBOOF FLOOR CONSTRUCTION.

(Application med May a, 1901.;

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wlTNEssEs (5M Qp/ UNITED STATES PATENT OEEICE.

GEORGEYR. KING, OF NEW BRIGHTON, NEW' YORK.

FIRE-:PROOF FLOOR CONSTRUCTION.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 705,360, dated July 22, 1902. yApplication filed May 8, 1901. Serial No. 159,212. (No model.)

,To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE R. KING, a citizen of the United States,and a resident of New Brighton,Staten Island, county of Richmond, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Fireproof Floor Oonstruction,of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 illustrates a vertical sectional View of one of the constructionfloor-beams with the ceiling and upper iloor in place and-one of my lintels, shown in elevation, likewise in place. Fig. 2 illustrates a vertical transverse section taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 illustrates a vertical transverse section taken through the lintels, showing an enlarged iioor-block. Fig. 4 illustrates an end view of one of my lintels adapted to t the I construction-beam shown in Fig. l. Fig. 5 illustrates a perspective view of one of my floor-blocks, the same as that shown in Fig. 2. Fig. 6 illustrates a side view of one of the licor-blocks, being the kind which comes next to the construction I-beams. Fig. 7 is an end view of the metal parts of the lintels.

I will first describe the invention and then refer tothe special advantages secured by me because of the same.

A, Fig. l, illustrates an ordinary I construction-beam, such as valmost universally used to-day in the construction of iron or steel ireproof buildings. They are spaced usually from three to iive feet betweenncenters. The spaces between these beams are illed in various ways to form a continuous floor. of effecting this`lling in.

B B in Fig. l represents a side view in elevation of what I call my floor-lintels. End sectional views of the lintels are shown in Figs. 2 and 3 and a perspective view of the My invention consists in a new method ported upon the said construction-beams. They are made deeper than the constructionbeams A and have a dovetailedv or projecting ledge E at their lower ends, adapted to hold a block F against the under surface of the floor-beams A to protect the beams against tire. I prefer the adjustment should be such that these blocks or slabs will be from an inch to two inches in thickness.

The lintels are made of a metallic central part, about and upon which suitable cement material (for instance, the well-known Kings Windsor cement or other equivalent material) is molded, preferably under considerable pressure. The location of the metallic part relative to the cement is shown in Figs. 2 and 3, although any suitable deviation from that which isthere shown may be employed. The metal'parts detached are shown in Fig. 7 They embody a vertical web a, which is rolled over at. the top, as at b, inclosing a stiff rod c. There are also two side pieces composed of a vertical member d, a horizontal member e, and a roll at the outer extremity f, inclosing stiff rods g.

The vertical members d d, it will be noted, are riveted or bolted together, as by rivets h, so that the whole structure is rigid and iirm, and the central part, where buckling would be apt to take place, is strengthened not only by the horizontal Webs e e, but also by making the vertical part at the cen-ter of triple thickness. The embedment of the cement about this structure, in addition to the heavy stiffening-rods at each of the curledover terminals, makes a peculiarly stiff and rigid truss-like beam for the lintel, and when the cement is properly compacted and hardened about it I have found that it is an exceedingly rigid structure as a whole, so much so that I eli'ect a very considerable saving in the cost of buildings made under my system,

becausewhereas the hoor-beams A have heretofore usually been spaced from three to four feet apart (seldom more than yfour and a IOO centers, sometimes more, and the space between them is filled by floor-blocks G. (See Figs. 5 and These are made deeper than such blocks have heretofore been constructed and of sufficient width to stretch entirely across from lintel to lintel. Their depth is equal to the total depth of the lintels, so that their upper surfaces form part of the floorsurface and their lower surfaces part of the ceiling. They are provided with outwardly flaring or inclined parts H H' and vertical walls with flat bottom surfaces I. The walls may be otherwise shaped to conform to the sides of the lintels, and the blocks are perforated by an opening J made through them. If the lintels are separated by a distance as great as a foot and a half or more, as illustrated in Fig. 3, then I prefer to make two openings through them.

At the base of the inclines H H, I prefer to form shoulders K, which rest upon -corresponding shoulders L, made in the lintels. The blocks which immediatelyadjoin the floorbeams A are shaped at their ends as shown at the left in Fig. G-that is to say, in all respects they coincide with the ends of the lin tels. They have a depressed upper part C', an undercut part D', and the projecting lip E, so they may fill all the space between the flanges and web of the floor-beams, and also that the projecting lip or ledge E may serve to hold the beam-protecting blocks or slabs F in the same manner that the lip E of the lintel does. The blocks may be of such length as preferred. In order that they may be conveniently handled, I seldom have them greater than one foot in length irrespective of what their width may be. The lintels may be set between the floor-beams by the use of cement or equivalent material at the end joints, and also the Hoor-blocks may be laid in between the lintels by the employment of similarcementitious material, or they may be set or laid without any such material, because the cement of the ooring and the plaster or cement of the ceiling will serve every purpose of binding the Whole together into a rigid and immovable structure.

Then the oor is laid as suggested, a coating of cement M (it may be Portland cement or equivalent) is laid to the desired thickness, covering the upper ends of the doorblocks, the lintels, and the main beams A, and it will be particularly noted that they are all upon a level at their upper surface, so that this work can be easily, expeditiously, and accurately done. On top of the cement the wood flooring, if it be used, or tile, stone, or cement ioor N (see Fig. l) may be laid. The ceiling O will be in like manner applied to the under surface of the flooring. It may be brown mortar and covered with white finish or in any other desired manner.

My invention embodies several very important improvements as compared with any construction heretofore known to me. Although there is a trifle more material. em-

ployed in it than in some previous constructions, nevertheless the labor required is so greatly reduced and the security, strength, and Iireproof qualities of the flooring so marked that the system is regarded as a decidedly advantageous one. I call particular attention to the following facts:

First. The lintels and the floor-blocks extend to the upper and lower surfaces of the floor and are continuous in area, so that no wiring, lathing, arching, or any other of the expensive and unsightly methods heretofore practiced are necessary.

Second. The number of joints is greatly rcduced. There are no small pieces which require accurate union, usually with cement or equivalent material, to effect the desired strength.

Third. The lintels and floor-blocks being made deeper than the construction-beams A and provided with the lips E and E, respectively, the floor-beams are protected on their under surface by the fire-resisting slab or block F, and this is a peculiarly Vulnerable point, because in the event of a heavy ire experience has shown that the floor-beams becoming heated on their lower webs will readily buckle, permitting the floor to drop.

Fourth. The surface of the floor above and the ceiling below being continuous, there is less labor and greater security and evenness in laying the floor and ceiling. It is possible to make a better job with less labor than heretofore.

Fifth. The employment of the peculiarlyconstructed iron work or truss embedded in the lintels makes them superior to any similar construction known to me.

It will be obvious to those who are familiar with this art that modifications may be made in the details of construction and method of assembling the parts, some of which, indeed, have heretofore been referred to, without departing from the essential features of the invention. I therefore do not limit myself to such details.

I claiml. A lintel for ireproof building construction embodying a metallic part having a metallic web and two horizontal webs fastened together, the whole incased in cement-like material, the upper edge of the lintel being on a line with the floor and its under edge on a line with the ceiling and having shoulders on its sides for the support of the fillingblocks.

2. A lintel for reproof building construction embodying a metallic truss incased in cement-like material, the truss embodying a vertical web having a metallic rod incorporated in it, and two horizontal webs attached to the sides of the Vertical web, whereby the metal at about the central portion of the vertical web is made of triple thickness, each of the horizontal webs having a metallic rod incorporated in it.

3. In iireproof building construction the IOC IIO

combination of lintels extending from floorbeam to floor-beam, having shoulders at their upper edges, and blocks of lireproof material of the same depth as the lintels, having surfaces at their upper ends adapted to rest upon said shoulders, whereby the upper surface of the blocks and lintels and iioor-beams'will all be on the line of the door-surface, and the under edges of the lintels and blocks on the line with the ceiling.

4. In iireproof building construction the combination of lintels projecting from floorbeam to Jrloor-beam, their lower edges having projecting ledges or parts, ireproof blocks held against the under edges of the floorbeams by said projecting parts of the lintels, blocks made of fireproof material adapted to ll the space from lintel to lintel and be supported by them, the blocks which are next to the floor-beams having one end shaped to engage with the main floor-beams' and fill the space between their ianges, and having also a projecting ledge or tongue adapted to hold the said blocks or slabs against the under edge of the Hoor-beams.

5. In ireproof building construction, in combination with the main iooribearns, lintels spanning the space between them, and

one-piece blocks adapted to be supported on the lintels and to lill the entire space from one to the other, said blocks having the same depth as the lintels so that their upper surfaces formthe lioor-line and their lower surfaces the ceiling-line.

6. In fireproof building construction the combination with the main door-beams of lintels embodying a metallic truss incased in cement-like material, and blocks made of reproof material supported on the lintels and extending from top to bottom thereof so that the upper surfaces of the blocks and lintels are on a line with the ioor, and their under surfaces on a line with the ceiling.

7. .The combination, in reproof building construction, of lintels connecting the main Hoor-beams, and reproof blocks'supported upon the lintels, each extending'from lintel to lintel and from vits upper to its lower edge or side. j

Signed at New Brighton, in the county of Richmond and State of New York, this 4th day of May, 1901.

GEORGE R. KING.

Witnesses:

JOHN COSTELLO, p l THOMAS MoCoRMAcK. 

